If there is no freewill the whole edifice of Christendom will simply crumble into myriad pieces and disappear incognito.
If God is a just god who wants to
reward those who respond to His commandments and punish those who do not, He must
have endowed each one with equal freedom. Has everyone got equal freedom or has
everyone been able to exercise freewill equally? Unless every man is equally free to do good or bad, there will be no meaning
for God's judgment.
Freewill implies that we are free to
think and decide and that we are in control of many of our actions unlike the
involuntary things going on in our body like our heartbeat or digestion, unlike
the instinctual imperative of a bird's nest-building or a dog's conditioned responses.
As we are aware of our ability to think of the consequences of our choices we should
claim responsibility for our actions. Freewill is the ability to freely choose
one of several possible alternatives. It supposes that human choices are not
predetermined. It means we could have
done otherwise.
Even Catholics admit that many
factors determine the human will. Mind
is a function of the corporal organism which is determined by the internal and
external forces. The biological nature of our body does influence our will. The
individual composition of our cells received directly from our parents and
indirectly form our ancestors do affect our volition. Our actions are
influenced by the genetically programmed brain structures and chemistry. The
balance or imbalance of the endocrine glands is very significant in the use of
our mental faculties. A defect in the functioning of one or the other of these glands
can impair the functioning of the organism. In extreme cases the functioning of
the freewill is rendered impossible. Excessive thyroid problems can harm
deliberations too.
The
psychotic, patients of hysteria, the mentally retarded and so on cannot
deliberate or use freewill as normal men can. The feeble minded, and the hydro cephalic do not use it either. The degree of freedom differs from
individual to individual. Many do not enjoy freedom to deliberate and decide
their actions. Since all cannot exercise
freewill in an equal way, any judgment under a general norm is meaningless and
absurd.
Further, our actions are very much
influenced by how we have been brought up and how we have been programmed.
There are parents who bring up kids according to strict moral codes and there
are others who inculcate loose morals. The society one grows in influences
individual actions too. One’s approach to sex is based on the existing culture.
In a strictly puritan society people may try to abstain from it. But in a loose
one their tendency is to indulge in it. Many of our actions are conditioned
into us. To a large extent we are
determined by our genes, parents and relatives, homes (peaceful or broken)
schools, environment, culture, religion, friends, education, literature, media.
All of us have to respond to these influences. It’s not one’s fault that he got
wrong influences and does wrong and it’s not the merit of another who got good
influences and does good. Why to venerate saints then?
There is little doubt today that our complex
abilities like awareness, cognition, learning, and motor control - are products
of the mechanistic operation of our brains which is largely inherited. Science
shows that our mental abilities emerge from the specific interaction between
neurons, molecules, and atoms. Furthermore, the indications are that these
interactions are entirely subject to the known laws of physics and chemistry.
Justifiably, modern science takes it for granted that, in time, machines will
have all the functionality of animals. Where is the question of freewill then?
Neuroscience and genetics throws much
light into the way our brains function. Neuroscientists argue that we can peer
into the brain now and see that there is no "agent" there making
choices. They do so by analyzing results of brain scanning tools like ‘
functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI). John Searle (1997) approaches
consciousness from a biological perspective and argues that our brain is no freer
than the liver or the stomach. Geneticists are discovering that many
psychological experiences are linked with gene-environment interactions, such
that people with a specific gene are more likely to react in a certain way. Van
Roekel et al (2013) have proven this by showing specific human behaviors. Many of
our “free" responses are really determined by our biology, our environment,
or both.
Simply put, we are not all that free
in our deliberations or life choices. We lead a life and act according to the
biology and structure of our brain, body constitution, early childhood
experiences and prevailing culture we are brought up in. There isn’t a lot of
freedom of choice as we have been made to believe. If there is no freewill the
whole edifice of Christendom will simply crumble into myriad pieces and
disappear incognito.
Even If we admit the doctrine of
free-will we will come to contradictory conclusions. God is the cause of all
things that exist and may exist in future. But if we admit man is free to do
the way he wants the principle of causality has an exception. Man’s free
actions will be outside God’s will/knowledge/determination. If God allows man
to be free to choose his actions God will have to change what He has known for
all times and then He will be no more God.
God has set the rules (विधान,so he called विधाता) and freed the humans for actioned but law of KARMA applies ever.
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ReplyDeleteGod has set the rules (विधान,so he called विधाता) and freed the humans for actioned but law of KARMA applies ever.
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